Having just joined this forum I am total captivated by these very technical discussions. I find them very helpful in rounding out my own knowledge and experience.
Even though MadMax started this thread back in 2005 I was drawn to his explanation of bb size compared to piston head size.
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The point of making the piston area so much larger than the barrel area is to acheive a good pneumatic coupling between the bb and the piston. Because the bb is a small diameter compared to the piston, you have a force division, a kind of pneumatic leverage if you will. It's related to the ratio of the square of the cross sections involved.
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I’m sure we all remember as a child receiving a popgun (perhaps better named a cork gun) for Christmas where the Piston Head was approximately equal in diameter to the size of the cork. Well, we all know how far the cork ranged thus I believe offers a good empirical proof of MadMax’s theory.